Drift of Electrons and the Origin of Resistivity

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Drift of Electrons and the Origin of Resistivity: Overview

This topic covers concepts such as Microscopic View of Electric Current, Drift Velocity, Mobility of Electron, Relation between Drift Velocity and Electric Current, Conductivity, Average Velocity of Electron in the Absence of Electric Field, etc.

Important Questions on Drift of Electrons and the Origin of Resistivity

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Two conducting wires X and Y of same diameter but different materials are joined in series across a battery. If the number density of electrons in X is twice that in Y, find the ratio of drift velocity of electrons in the two wires would be:

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Derive an expression for the resistivity of a good conductor, in terms of the relaxation time of electrons.

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Two metallic wires of the same material have the same length but cross-sectional area is in the ratio 1:2. They are connected (i) in series and (ii) in parallel. Compare the drift velocities of electrons in the two wires in both the cases (i) and (ii).

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The number density of free electrons in a copper conductor is  8.5×1028 m3. How long does an electron take drift from one end of a wire 3.0 m long to its other end? The area of cross-section of the wire is 2.0× 10 6 m 2 and is carrying a current of 3.0 A.

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The number density of free electrons in a copper conductor is estimated at   8.5× 10 28 m 3 . How long does an electron take to drift from one end of a wire 3.0 m long to its other end? The area of cross-section of the wire is   2.0× 10 6 m 2 and it is carrying a current of 3.0 A.

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The relation between current and drift velocity is

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The current in a copper wire is increased by increasing the potential difference between its ends. Which one of the following statements regarding the number of charge carriers per unit volume in the wire and vi, the drift velocity of the charge carriers is correct?

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Assertion
A current flows in a conductor only when there is an electric field within the conductor.
Reason
The drift velocity of electron in presence of electric field decreases.
 

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Assertion: If an electron and proton enter an electric field with equal energy, then path of electron is more curved than that of proton.
Reason: Electron has a tendency to form curve.

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Drift velocity of electrons is due to _____.

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In the uniform electric field of E=1×104 N C-1, an electron is accelerated from rest. The acceleration of the electron is nearly (Charge of electron q=1.6×10-19 C)

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The negatively charged particle pictured below is accelerating in the direction indicated by the arrow, due to the influence of an electric field. Here the electric field is directed in the direction of motion of charged particle.

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The acceleration of the electron while it is in the electric field is -3.51×10K  j^ m s-2. Find the value of K.

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The resultant flow of current in a conductor in the absence of electric field is

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The resultant flow of current in a conductor in the absence of electric field is

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A current i is flowing through the wire of diameter d having drift velocity of electrons vd in it. What will be new drift velocity when diameter of wire is made d4?

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When temperature of a metal is increased, its conductivity

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A metal wire carries a charge of 1200 C in 20 minutes. If the area of the cross-section of the wire is 25 mm2 and the material of the metal contains 6.0×1022 free electrons cm-3, the drift velocity of the electrons in the wire is

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Which of the following statements is true about relaxation time?